The American Society of home inspector publishes a standard list of what should be covered in a home inspection, although inspectors can customize the scope of their work. For example, not all inspect for mold or pests. Also, not all test for radon, which is a danger in some parts of the country. A more custom inspection could cost extra. Some inspectors are also licensed to check for asbestos and lead, but others don’t.

Inspectors look at the basic structure of a house, including its exterior components, to ensure they are safe and abide by safety regulations. They also check for basic plumbing, including ensuring water pressure is adequate and that the plumbing system is free of leaks.

Foundation

Home inspectors provide an objective analysis of a home’s condition and safety to help buyers make informed investment decisions. They typically perform a visual examination of the structure and its major systems and components, but each inspector may vary in what they include or exclude from their inspections. Be sure your inspector abides by a code of ethics and standards of practice.

The findings of a home inspection allow a buyer to decide how to proceed with the purchase, such as renegotiate the price or request that the seller fix certain problems before closing. Getting a few small issues fixed prior to moving in can shorten your to-do list and reduce stress after you move in. You may also want to find out if your inspector participates in InterNACHI’s Buy-Back Guarantee.

Roof

During a home inspection, a certified inspector examines the structure and systems of the home, from the foundation to the roof. He checks for thousands of potential problems, from missing shingles to inadequate clearance between siding and earth. He may recommend that buyers accompany him during the inspection, which can be a valuable learning experience.

Electrical

The electrical system of a home is crucial for modern comforts, but it can also be dangerous. In fact, according to the NFPA, an estimated 45,210 home structure fires involved some type of electrical failure or problem in 2014.

A home inspector will check all outlets and receptacles to confirm they’re working. They’ll look for GFCI outlets in rooms that are susceptible to moisture (kitchens and bathrooms) and ensure a grounding system is present.

A professional will also look at the electrical panel to make sure it’s in good condition and holds the number of circuit breakers the house requires. They’ll also look for rodent, water or rust damage that can lead to faulty wiring and potential fires. The inspection report will include the results of all these tests.

Plumbing

Home inspectors check all of the plumbing fixtures like toilets, showers and faucets for visible leaks or problems. They also examine the water heater, venting and connections, and the location of the main shut off valve.

They look for signs of moisture damage in crawl spaces or basements, which can lead to mold and mildew problems that may be difficult to find without a thorough inspection. If they notice any, they will note them in their report.

Home inspectors will also take a close look at the roof to ensure there are no damaged or missing shingles, and they will check out the chimney and fireplace if applicable. They will also look at the foundation, exterior walls and driveways, and garages and doors. They may also test the smoke detectors.

HVAC

Home inspectors typically abide by a set of standards for their work. This allows them to deliver a service to clients and build up their business.

Structural flaws are among the biggest problems that home inspectors reveal during an examination. These issues can lead to major damage and even toxic mold if left untreated.

A good inspector will also make sure that electrical outlets are in working order and complied with building code standards. They will examine windows and doors, checking that frames are sound, caulking is intact and tempered safety glass is used. Bathrooms get special attention, as the inspector will look at sinks, toilets and showers to make sure they function correctly. They will also look at drains, venting and ground fault interrupters.